Towards An Optimal Model For Fighting Unemployment In Iraq

Abstract

The aim of the current study is to try to come out with an optimal model to confront unemployment in Iraq during the period (1990-2018) by diagnosing unemployment in the context of monitoring the performance of the Iraqi labor market and through the analytical approach, the study concluded that the Iraqi economy suffers from two types of unemployment, namely, explicit unemployment and underemployment ,their effects differed, as each exerts a negative impact on the development in Iraq.              

   At a time when the employment-to-population ratio is still recorded at 39.2 percent in 2018, and the participation of women in work is one of the major gaps that the Iraqi economy suffers from as the percentage of female workers does not exceed a barrier of 12.5%. The study showed that the unemployment rate decreased from 1991 by approximately 10.35 percent to 7.93 percent in 2018.                                                     

Despite this decline, however, unemployment still has a severe impact on Iraqi society, as it represents a waste of the human resource, which is the most important productive element as a whole, and its effects extend to include economic, social, political and cultural aspects as well.                                                                           The study concluded by presenting a number of mechanisms that would address the problem of unemployment, foremost of which is the redevelopment towards its sustainable path. Is the first mechanism that must be followed on its way to reduce unemployment rates, enhance employment levels in any country, recycle financial surpluses, and pay attention to the human capital component by prioritizing spending, paying more attention to the education and health sectors, and encouraging the private sector to generate job opportunities.