The Rational Foundation of The Self Between Descartes and Hegel.

Abstract

Philosophical thought, both ancient and modern, has been concerned with the subject of the self and has given it great attention because of its relevance to
human behavior. The subject of the self has dominated the entire history of philosophical thought since the Greek era, and its concepts have been defined, and
philosophical theories have been established around it in the modern era; this is a desire to define the self in order to understand existence. The history of
philosophy has always emphasized that interest in the self and its relationship to truth began with the aristocratic question: ’ Before Heraclitus‘ question, “How
can I discover myself for myself?” and before Descartes’ question, ‘How can I discover myself for myself?’ ‘I doubt, therefore I think, I exist. Hegel said: ‘Enter
deeply into yourself, how to know yourself’. After that, philosophical questions continued, raising recurring questions about the self and its relationship with the other, and this is what we find embedded in any philosophical theory as long as philosophy is an intellectual interface for every human discourse and constant human questioning.