Sufi discourse of Ibrahim bin Adham, a study on its linguistic levels

Abstract

Sufism is a science renowned for its methodology, which involves purifying the inner self  from the flaws of the soul. Originating in the Islamic lands during the 3rd century AH, practitioners of Sufism followed various turuq (Orders, singular: tariqa). Some strictly adhered to the Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet, identifying as Sunni Sufis. Notable figures include Junayd, Ibrahim ibn Adham, and Bishr al-Hafi. Conversely, others diverged into philosophical Sufism, led by figures like al-Hallaj and Muhyiddin ibn Arabi. This article specifically delves into the Sunni Sufi discourse of Ibrahim ibn Adham, a luminary within this tariqa (Order). This discourse is be analyzed at the lexical, syntactic, and rhetorical levels.